MTOW (maximum take-off weight)
Maximum take-off weight is the heaviest an aircraft is certified to be when it begins its take-off roll, including fuel, passengers, baggage and the airframe itself. It sets the ceiling on the trade-off between how far a jet can fly and how much it can carry, and it drives a surprising number of fees: landing charges, navigation fees and handling are often priced per tonne of MTOW, and thresholds such as 12,500 lb (5,700 kg) determine which security, pilot and airport rules apply. A Phenom 300 has an MTOW of about 18,400 lb; a Global 7500 about 114,850 lb, which is why a large-cabin jet's airport bill is a multiple of a light jet's.